Citations

Below and on the following pages are all NDE Research Index citations for the group indicated just below as "Selected". The citations appear in alphabetical order by last name of sole or first author. Articles without a designated author are listed by the author designation "Staff." "NOS" means "not otherwise specified." To save space, citations are shown compressed. To see all the information related to a citation, click on the title to expand.

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Sabom, M. B., & Kreutiziger, S. (1977). Letter: Near-death experiences. New England Journal of Medicine, 297(1) 1071.

Sabom, M. B., & Kreutiziger, S. (1977). Letter: Near-death experiences. New England Journal of Medicine, 297(1) 1071.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Deceased or Living
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Spiritual
Characteristics of NDEs—Life Review
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Disclosure of NDEs
Sabom, M. B., & Kreutziger, S. A. (1979). Research on near-death experiences: Recollections of patients while unconscious and near death. Research in Parapsychology 1978, () 32.

Sabom, M. B., & Kreutziger, S. A. (1979). Research on near-death experiences: Recollections of patients while unconscious and near death. Research in Parapsychology 1978, () 32.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Deceased or Living
Characteristics of NDEs—Otherworldly Environments
Circumstances of NDEs—Consciousness and Unconsciousness
Healing and NDEs—Psychological
Methodology in NDE Research
Sabom, M. B., & Kreutziger, S. A. (1978). Physicians evaluate the near death experience. Theta, 6(4) 1-6.

Sabom, M. B., & Kreutziger, S. A. (1978). Physicians evaluate the near death experience. Theta, 6(4) 1-6.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Autobiographical
Accounts of NDEs—Biographical, Cases
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Afterlife, Belief in
Characteristics of NDErs—Age, Adults
Characteristics of NDErs—Education Level
Characteristics of NDErs—Gender
Characteristics of NDErs—Occupation
Characteristics of NDErs—Psychological Profile
Characteristics of NDErs NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Distressing
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Deceased or Living
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Otherworldly Environments
Characteristics of NDEs—Perception of Time
Characteristics of NDEs—Return, Voluntary
Characteristics of NDEs—Return NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Tunnel Experiences
Circumstances of NDEs—Accident
Circumstances of NDEs—Consciousness and Unconsciousness
Circumstances of NDEs—Hospital
Circumstances of NDEs—Illness
Circumstances of NDEs—Suicide
Disclosure of NDEs
Explanations of NDEs—Parapsychological
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological, Neurological, Brain
Explanations of NDEs—Psychological
Explanations of NDEs NOS
Health Care Professionals and NDEs—Medical
Mental Processes and NDEs
Methodology in NDE Research
Psychopathology and NDEs—Depersonalization
Psychopathology and NDEs—Hallucinations
Psychopharmacology and NDEs NOS
Saltmarsh, H. F. (1931). Is proof of survival possible? Proceedings of the Society for Psychical Research, 40() 105-122.

Saltmarsh, H. F. (1931). Is proof of survival possible? Proceedings of the Society for Psychical Research, 40() 105-122.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Afterlife, Belief in
Related Experiences—NDE-Like
Savage, M. (1907). Psychics: Facts and theories. Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 1() 50-51.

Savage, M. (1907). Psychics: Facts and theories. Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 1() 50-51.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Nearing Death and NDEs—Deathbed Visions
Schlesinger Silver, A. L. (1986). Transformations in self-understanding after near death experiences: Discussion. Contemporary Psychoanalysis, 22(3) 346-356.

Schlesinger Silver, A. L. (1986). Transformations in self-understanding after near death experiences: Discussion. Contemporary Psychoanalysis, 22(3) 346-356.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Autobiographical
Aftereffects of NDEs—Cognitive
Aftereffects of NDEs—Emotional
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Life
Aftereffects of NDEs—Sense of Self, Psychological and Physical
Healing and NDEs—Psychological
Health Care Professionals and NDEs—Medical
Interpretations of NDEs
Related Experiences NOS
Schnaper, N. (1980). Comments germane to the paper entitled 'The reality of death experiences' by Ernst Rodin. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 168(5) 268-270.

Schnaper, N. (1980). Comments germane to the paper entitled 'The reality of death experiences' by Ernst Rodin. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 168(5) 268-270.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link: http://www.jonmd.com/
Topics:
Afterlife, Belief in
Altered States and NDEs
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological, Anoxia
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological, Neurological, Brain
Explanations of NDEs—Psychological
Methodology in NDE Research
Psychopathology and NDEs—Dissociation
Psychopharmacology and NDEs NOS
Related Experiences—NDE-Like
Religion and NDEs NOS
Science and NDEs
Schoenbeck, S. B. (1993). Exploring the mystery of near-death experiences. American Journal of Nursing, 93(5) 42-46.

Schoenbeck, S. B. (1993). Exploring the mystery of near-death experiences. American Journal of Nursing, 93(5) 42-46.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link: http://www.ajnonline.com/pt/re/ajn/home.htm;jsessionid=LdzDS29xCnqsQnQ9TLnFMyZ5m07J7qhGC1tNhWYk9pwp92GRQGHt!-100510373!181195628!8091!-1
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Autobiographical
Accounts of NDEs—Biographical, Cases
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Afterlife, Belief in
Characteristics of NDErs—Age, Children and Adolescents
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Deceased or Living
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Spiritual
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Parapsychological Phenomena NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Return, Involuntary
Characteristics of NDEs—Tunnel Experiences
Circumstances of NDEs—Hospital
Circumstances of NDEs—Illness
Counseling NDErs
Disclosure of NDEs
Health Care Professionals and NDEs—Medical
Nearing Death and NDEs—Deathbed Visions
Non-NDErs' Attitudes toward NDEs
Schoenbeck, S. B., & Hocutt, G. D. (1991). Near-death experiences in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 9(4) 211-218.

Schoenbeck, S. B., & Hocutt, G. D. (1991). Near-death experiences in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 9(4) 211-218.
Abstract: The purposes of this two-phase descriptive study were to document the frequency of near-death experiences (NDEs) in a nonprobability convenience sample of patients undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), to describe the types of NDE experienced most commonly during CPR, and to describe patients’ views of helpful nursing responses to reports of NDEs. In Phase I a nurse read to subjects Greyson’s (1983a) NDE scale. In Phase II, we used an open-ended interview designed to elicit patients’ perception of helpful nursing responses to NDE reports. Results have implications for broadening the groups of persons offering patients an opportunity to discuss NDEs after CPR.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Characteristics of NDErs—Age, Adults
Characteristics of NDErs—Education Level
Characteristics of NDErs—Gender
Characteristics of NDErs—Marital Status
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Spiritual
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Sound, Hearing
Characteristics of NDEs NOS
Circumstances of NDEs—Hospital
Circumstances of NDEs—Illness
Disclosure of NDEs
Education about NDEs
Health Care Professionals and NDEs—Medical
Schulz, R. (1981). Review of 'Life at death: A scientific investigation of the near-death experience'. Contemporary Psychology, 26(3) 225.

Schulz, R. (1981). Review of 'Life at death: A scientific investigation of the near-death experience'. Contemporary Psychology, 26(3) 225.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Science and NDEs
Thanatology and NDEs
Scott, L. G. (1931). Dying as a liberation of consciousness: Record of a personal experience. Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 25() 113-117.

Scott, L. G. (1931). Dying as a liberation of consciousness: Record of a personal experience. Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 25() 113-117.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Autobiographical
Aftereffects of NDEs—Cognitive
Aftereffects of NDEs—Emotional
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Life
Aftereffects of NDEs—Paranormal Phenomena
Aftereffects of NDEs—Sense of Self, Psychological and Physical
Aftereffects of NDEs NOS
Afterlife, Belief in
Afterlife, NDErs’ Descriptions of
Altered States and NDEs
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Distressing
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Increased Knowledge, Thoughts
Characteristics of NDEs—Return, Voluntary
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Sound, Hearing
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Vision
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory NOS
Characteristics of NDEs NOS
Circumstances of NDEs—Consciousness and Unconsciousness
Circumstances of NDEs—Illness
Serdahely, W. J. (1989). Why near-death experiences intrigue us. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 7(3) 149-153.

Serdahely, W. J. (1989). Why near-death experiences intrigue us. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 7(3) 149-153.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Definition of NDEs
Interpretations of NDEs
Serdahely, W. J., & Walker, B. A. (1990). A near-death experience at birth. Death Studies, 14() 177-183.

Serdahely, W. J., & Walker, B. A. (1990). A near-death experience at birth. Death Studies, 14() 177-183.
Abstract: The near-death experience literature includes many accounts of adults who have had near-death experiences as adults or when they were children. The literature also reveals a few accounts of children reporting on their childhood near-death experiences. But the literature does not contain a single case of a near-death experience happening at birth, until the reporting of this case. Not only is this case interesting because it is a birth near-death experience, recalled through the medium of dreams, but because the respondent was born in the Philippines, adding cross-cultural validation to the phenomenon of the near-death experience. This is something the literature has called for in the past. Additionally, unlike the vast majority of near-death experiences, this one had a negative affective quality to it, which is discussed in detail through the use of Grey's typology of negative near-death experiences.
Copyright: © 1990. Reprinted with permission of Taylor & Francis, Ltd.
Link: http://www.informaworld.com
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Autobiographical
Accounts of NDEs—Biographical, Cases
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Life
Aftereffects of NDEs—Paranormal Phenomena
Aftereffects of NDEs—Sense of Self, Psychological and Physical
Birth Trauma and NDEs
Characteristics of NDErs—Age, Children and Adolescents
Characteristics of NDErs—Gender
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Distressing
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Spiritual
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Return, Voluntary
Characteristics of NDEs—Tunnel Experiences
Characteristics of NDEs NOS
Circumstances of NDEs—Illness
Cross-Cultural NDEs
Dreams and NDEs
Healing and NDEs—Psychological
Interpretations of NDEs
Language and NDEs
Psychopharmacology and NDEs—Anesthesia
Psychopharmacology and NDEs NOS
Related Experiences NOS
Serdahely, W. J., & Walker, B. A. (1990). The near-death experience of a nonverbal person with congenital quadriplegia. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 9(2) 91-96.

Serdahely, W. J., & Walker, B. A. (1990). The near-death experience of a nonverbal person with congenital quadriplegia. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 9(2) 91-96.
Abstract: This article describes the near-death experience (NDE) a 39-year-old man born with severe spastic quadriplegia had when he was two and one-half years old. Nonverbal because of cerebral palsy, the man was able to communicate about his experience after he heard a therapist talking to another person about NDEs. The man experienced a fairly typical NDE and has had seven subsequent out-of-body experiences, the latter hypothesized as temporary relief from his physical pain resulting from muscular spasticity.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Aftereffects of NDEs—Out-of-Body Experiences
Aftereffects of NDEs—Physical Changes
Characteristics of NDErs—Age, Children and Adolescents
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Spiritual
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Parapsychological Phenomena, ESP
Characteristics of NDEs—Perception of Time
Characteristics of NDEs—Return, Involuntary
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Kinesthetic
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Sound, Music
Characteristics of NDEs—Tunnel Experiences
Characteristics of NDEs NOS
Circumstances of NDEs—Illness
Disabilities and NDEs
Disclosure of NDEs
Healing and NDEs—Physical
Sensory Deprivation and NDEs
Serdahely, W., Drenk, A., & Serdahely, J. J. (1988). What carers need to understand about the near-death experience. Geriatric Nursing, 9(4) 238-241.

Serdahely, W., Drenk, A., & Serdahely, J. J. (1988). What carers need to understand about the near-death experience. Geriatric Nursing, 9(4) 238-241.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Biographical, Cases
Characteristics of NDErs—Age, Adults
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Distressing
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Parapsychological Phenomena, ESP
Characteristics of NDEs—Return, Voluntary
Characteristics of NDEs—Return NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Kinesthetic
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Sound, Hearing
Circumstances of NDEs—Accident
Circumstances of NDEs—Consciousness and Unconsciousness
Circumstances of NDEs—Hospital
Circumstances of NDEs—Illness
Counseling NDErs
Disclosure of NDEs
Education about NDEs
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological NOS
Health Care Professionals and NDEs—Medical
Non-NDErs' Attitudes toward NDEs
Reactions to NDEr—by Family, Spouse
Shapiro, D. S. (1979). Death experiences in Rabbinic literature. Judaism, 28() 90-94.

Shapiro, D. S. (1979). Death experiences in Rabbinic literature. Judaism, 28() 90-94.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Religion and NDEs—Judaism
Sharma, A. (1979). Near death experiences and the doctrine of subtle body. Journal of Dharma, 4() 278-285.

Sharma, A. (1979). Near death experiences and the doctrine of subtle body. Journal of Dharma, 4() 278-285.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Religion and NDEs—Hinduism
Shaver, P. (1986). Consciousness without the body. Contemporary Psychology, 31(9) 645-647.

Shaver, P. (1986). Consciousness without the body. Contemporary Psychology, 31(9) 645-647.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Explanations of NDEs—Parapsychological
Explanations of NDEs NOS
Kundalini and NDEs
Methodology in NDE Research
Related Experiences—NDE-Like
Related Experiences NOS
Science and NDEs
Sheldrake, R. (1987). Comments on Dr. J. Slawinski's paper. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 6(2) 103-104.

Sheldrake, R. (1987). Comments on Dr. J. Slawinski's paper. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 6(2) 103-104.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Science and NDEs
Sidgwick, E. M. (1885). Notes on the evidence, collected by the society, for phantasms of the dead. Proceedings of the Society for Psychical Research, 3() 69-150.

Sidgwick, E. M. (1885). Notes on the evidence, collected by the society, for phantasms of the dead. Proceedings of the Society for Psychical Research, 3() 69-150.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Nearing Death and NDEs—Deathbed Visions
Related Experiences—NDE-Like
Sidgwick, H. (1894). Report on the census of hallucinations. Proceedings of the Society for Psychical Research, 10() 25-53.

Sidgwick, H. (1894). Report on the census of hallucinations. Proceedings of the Society for Psychical Research, 10() 25-53.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Related Experiences—NDE-Like
Siegel, R. K. (1981). Reply to Stevenson. American Psychologist, 36(1) 1461-1462.

Siegel, R. K. (1981). Reply to Stevenson. American Psychologist, 36(1) 1461-1462.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Afterlife, Belief in
Explanations of NDEs—Parapsychological
Explanations of NDEs—Psychological
Psychopathology and NDEs—Hallucinations
Reincarnation and NDEs
Science and NDEs
Veridical Perception during NDEs
Siegel, R. K., & Hirschman, A. E. (1983). Bozzano and the first classification of deathbed visions: A historical note and translation. Anabiosis - The Journal for Near-Death Studies, 3(2) 195-201.

Siegel, R. K., & Hirschman, A. E. (1983). Bozzano and the first classification of deathbed visions: A historical note and translation. Anabiosis - The Journal for Near-Death Studies, 3(2) 195-201.
Abstract: Ernest Bozzano was an Italian parapsychologist who published, in 1923, one of the most important historical studies on deathbed visions. The book, while influencing scholars such as Charles Richet and Sir William Barrett, remained largely forgotten and untranslated. This paper provides a translation of selections from Bozzano’s monograph illustrating his unique classification of deathbed visions.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link:
Topics:
Nearing Death and NDEs—Deathbed Visions
Siegel, R. K., & Hirschman, A. E. (1984). Hashish near-death experiences. Anabiosis - The Journal for Near-Death Studies, 4(1) 69-86.

Siegel, R. K., & Hirschman, A. E. (1984). Hashish near-death experiences. Anabiosis - The Journal for Near-Death Studies, 4(1) 69-86.
Abstract: The historical literature on hashish-induced near-death experiences (NDEs) is reviewed, with particular reference to early French accounts. Most researchers endorsed the view of French psychiatrist Jacques Joseph Moreau that these experiences were hallucinations. Others, including spiritualist Louis-Alphonese Cahagnet, believed that hashish NDEs revealed an underlying reality as described in the works of Emanuel Swedenborg. Yet most accounts, resulting from high dosages, contained the elements and sequences of nondrug NDEs. Representative selections from this literature are translated here for the first time.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Circumstances of NDEs—Induced Chemically
Explanations of NDEs NOS
Psychopathology and NDEs—Dissociation
Psychopathology and NDEs—Hallucinations
Related Experiences NOS
Slawinski, J. (1987). Electromagnetic radiation and the afterlife. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 6(2) 79-94.

Slawinski, J. (1987). Electromagnetic radiation and the afterlife. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 6(2) 79-94.
Abstract: The question of survival of bodily death is often considered to be beyond contemporary scientific methods and conceptual categories. However, recent research into spontaneous radiations from living systems suggests a scientific foundation for the ancient association between light and life, and a biophysical hypothesis of the conscious self that could survive death of the body. All living organisms emit low-intensity light; at the time of death, that radiation is ten to 1,000 times stronger than that emitted under normal conditions. This “deathflash” is independent of the cause of death, and reflects in intensity and duration the rate of dying. The vision of intense light reported in near-death experiences may be related to this deathflash, which may hold an immense amount of information. The electromagnetic field produced by necrotic radiation, containing energy, internal structure, and information, may permit continuation of consciousness beyond the death of the body.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological, Neurological, Brain
Science and NDEs
Slawinski, J. (1987). Response to commentaries on 'Electromagnetic radiation and the afterlife'. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 6(2) 127-133.

Slawinski, J. (1987). Response to commentaries on 'Electromagnetic radiation and the afterlife'. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 6(2) 127-133.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Science and NDEs
Smith, C. W. (1987). Comments on 'Electromagnetic radiation and the afterlife'. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 6(2) 109-112.

Smith, C. W. (1987). Comments on 'Electromagnetic radiation and the afterlife'. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 6(2) 109-112.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Science and NDEs
Smith, R. P. (1991). The examination of labels-A beginning. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 9(4) 205-209.

Smith, R. P. (1991). The examination of labels-A beginning. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 9(4) 205-209.
Abstract: Unclear terminology is a major problem for the study of anomalies, and ambiguous definitions of reality and consciousness make it particularly difficult to discuss anomalous phenomena. Researchers have used the term “near-death experience” to describe four different kinds of incidents. To avoid confusion, we need new labels for experiences that differ in their relationship to death and near-death and in their transformative potential.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Definition of NDEs
Language and NDEs
Solfvin, G. F. (1978). Review of 'At the hour of death'. Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 72() 375-379.

Solfvin, G. F. (1978). Review of 'At the hour of death'. Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 72() 375-379.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Cross-Cultural NDEs
Nearing Death and NDEs—Deathbed Visions
Related Experiences NOS
Thanatology and NDEs
Sommers, M. S. (1994). The near-death experience following multiple trauma. Critical Care Nurse, 14(2) 62-66.

Sommers, M. S. (1994). The near-death experience following multiple trauma. Critical Care Nurse, 14(2) 62-66.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Autobiographical
Characteristics of NDErs—Age, Adults
Characteristics of NDErs—Trauma and Abuse
Circumstances of NDEs—Accident
Counseling NDErs
Definition of NDEs
Education about NDEs
Healing and NDEs—Psychological
Health Care Professionals and NDEs—Medical
Spencer, C. S. (1976). The effect of near-death experience on death anxiety. Journal of Undergraduate Psychological Research, 3(1) 21-25.

Spencer, C. S. (1976). The effect of near-death experience on death anxiety. Journal of Undergraduate Psychological Research, 3(1) 21-25.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Related Experiences NOS
Stevenson, I. (1981). Comments on 'The psychology of life after death'. American Psychologist, 36(1) 1459-1461.

Stevenson, I. (1981). Comments on 'The psychology of life after death'. American Psychologist, 36(1) 1459-1461.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Afterlife, Belief in
Explanations of NDEs—Parapsychological
Explanations of NDEs—Psychological
Psychopathology and NDEs—Hallucinations
Reincarnation and NDEs
Science and NDEs
Veridical Perception during NDEs
Stevenson, I. (1977). Reply to the comments of Dr. Lief and Dr. Ullman. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 165(3) 181-183.

Stevenson, I. (1977). Reply to the comments of Dr. Lief and Dr. Ullman. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 165(3) 181-183.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link: http://www.jonmd.com/
Topics:
Afterlife, Belief in
Related Experiences—NDE-Like
Related Experiences NOS
Stevenson, I. (1977). Research into the evidence of man's survival after death: A historical and critical survey with a summary of recent developments. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 165(3) 152-170.

Stevenson, I. (1977). Research into the evidence of man's survival after death: A historical and critical survey with a summary of recent developments. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 165(3) 152-170.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link: http://www.jonmd.com/
Topics:
Afterlife, Belief in
Related Experiences—NDE-Like
Related Experiences NOS
Stevenson, I. (1980). Comments on 'The reality of death experiences: A personal perspective'. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 168(5) 271-272.

Stevenson, I. (1980). Comments on 'The reality of death experiences: A personal perspective'. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 168(5) 271-272.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link: http://www.jonmd.com/
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Biographical, Cases
Altered States and NDEs
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Increased Knowledge, Thoughts
Circumstances of NDEs—Consciousness and Unconsciousness
Circumstances of NDEs—Hospital
Circumstances of NDEs—Illness
Disclosure of NDEs
Explanations of NDEs—Parapsychological
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological, Anoxia
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological, Neurological, Brain
Interpretations of NDEs
Media Treatment of NDEs
Mental Processes and NDEs
Psychopathology and NDEs NOS
Veridical Perception during NDEs
Stevenson, I. (1982). The contribution of apparitions to the evidence for survival. Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 76() 341-358.

Stevenson, I. (1982). The contribution of apparitions to the evidence for survival. Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 76() 341-358.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Related Experiences—NDE-Like
Stevenson, I. (1979). Research on near death experiences. Research in Parapsychology 1978, () 33.

Stevenson, I. (1979). Research on near death experiences. Research in Parapsychology 1978, () 33.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Explanations of NDEs—Psychological
Explanations of NDEs NOS
Psychopathology and NDEs—Depersonalization
Science and NDEs
Stevenson, I., & Cook, E. W. (1995). Involuntary memories during severe physical illness. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 183(7) 452-458.

Stevenson, I., & Cook, E. W. (1995). Involuntary memories during severe physical illness. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 183(7) 452-458.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link: http://www.jonmd.com/
Topics:
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Life
Aftereffects of NDEs—Sense of Self, Psychological and Physical
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Deceased or Living
Characteristics of NDEs—Increased Knowledge, Thoughts
Characteristics of NDEs—Life Review
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Perception of Time
Characteristics of NDEs—Tunnel Experiences
Circumstances of NDEs—Accident
Circumstances of NDEs—Consciousness and Unconsciousness
Circumstances of NDEs—Illness
Circumstances of NDEs—Induced Chemically
Circumstances of NDEs NOS
Mental Processes and NDEs
Methodology in NDE Research
Stevenson, I., & Greyson, B. (1979). Near-death experiences: Relevance to the question of survival after death. Journal of the American Medical Association, 242(3) 265-267.

Stevenson, I., & Greyson, B. (1979). Near-death experiences: Relevance to the question of survival after death. Journal of the American Medical Association, 242(3) 265-267.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Afterlife, Belief in
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Deceased or Living
Cross-Cultural NDEs
Cultural, Social Influences on NDEs
Mental Processes and NDEs
Methodology in NDE Research
Straight, S. (1984). A wave among waves: Katherine Anne Porter's near-death experience. Anabiosis - The Journal for Near-Death Studies, 4(2) 107-123.

Straight, S. (1984). A wave among waves: Katherine Anne Porter's near-death experience. Anabiosis - The Journal for Near-Death Studies, 4(2) 107-123.
Abstract: This article shows that the main vision in Katherine Anne Porter’s 1938 story “Pale Horse, Pale Rider,” based largely on her nearly fatal bout with influenza during the epidemic of 1918, is a deep near-death experience (NDE) of the type first described by Raymond Moody (1975). Biographical sources and interviews with Porter demonstrate this as well as the NDE’s physical and psychological effects on her. The story’s vision of paradise is quoted and analyzed as an NDE. Two critical studies of the story (Youngblood, 1959/1960; Givner, 1982) are discussed briefly.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Famous People's NDEs
Literature, Fictional
Strom-Paikin, J. (1986). Studying the NDE phenomenon. American Journal of Nursing, 86(4) 420-421.

Strom-Paikin, J. (1986). Studying the NDE phenomenon. American Journal of Nursing, 86(4) 420-421.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link: http://www.ajnonline.com/pt/re/ajn/home.htm;jsessionid=LdzDS29xCnqsQnQ9TLnFMyZ5m07J7qhGC1tNhWYk9pwp92GRQGHt!-100510373!181195628!8091!-1
Topics:
Aftereffects of NDEs—Cognitive
Aftereffects of NDEs—Emotional
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Life
Aftereffects of NDEs—Out-of-Body Experiences
Aftereffects of NDEs—Paranormal Phenomena
Aftereffects of NDEs NOS
Afterlife, Belief in
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Distressing
Counseling NDErs
Definition of NDEs
Disclosure of NDEs
Health Care Professionals and NDEs—Psychological
Sullivan, R. M. (1984). Combat-related near-death experiences: A preliminary investigation. Anabiosis - The Journal for Near-Death Studies, 4(2) 143-152.

Sullivan, R. M. (1984). Combat-related near-death experiences: A preliminary investigation. Anabiosis - The Journal for Near-Death Studies, 4(2) 143-152.
Abstract: This paper reports on a continuing study of the near-death experience (NDE) occurring among those who were clinically dead or close to death as a result of combat operations. Volunteers were obtained through a series of announcements in national military publications. Elements of the prototypical NDE seem to be reflected in the combat NDEs reported, but full integration of the experience may be retarded by the need to integrate other traumas arising from the individual’s battlefield experiences. These cases require particularly supportive and non-judgmental interviewing, to include appropriate follow-up. Some suggestions are made for application in training and counseling. Conclusions will be presented in a later paper, upon completion of the study.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Autobiographical
Accounts of NDEs—Biographical, Cases
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Life
Aftereffects of NDEs NOS
Characteristics of NDErs—Gender
Characteristics of NDErs—Occupation
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Distressing
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Deceased or Living
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Spiritual
Characteristics of NDEs—Increased Knowledge, Thoughts
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Otherworldly Environments
Characteristics of NDEs—Parapsychological Phenomena, ESP
Characteristics of NDEs—Return, Involuntary
Characteristics of NDEs—Return, Voluntary
Characteristics of NDEs—Return NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Kinesthetic
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Sound, Hearing
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Sound, Music
Characteristics of NDEs—Tunnel Experiences
Circumstances of NDEs—Combat-Related
Circumstances of NDEs—Hospital
Disclosure of NDEs
Health Care Professionals and NDEs—Medical
Religion and NDEs—Christianity
Sutherland, C. (1987-1988). A reflection of the near-death experience. Australian Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 7(2) 118-134.

Sutherland, C. (1987-1988). A reflection of the near-death experience. Australian Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 7(2) 118-134.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Autobiographical
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Life
Aftereffects of NDEs—Religion
Aftereffects of NDEs—Sense of Self, Psychological and Physical
Afterlife, Belief in
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Distressing
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Life Review
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Otherworldly Environments
Characteristics of NDEs—Parapsychological Phenomena, ESP
Characteristics of NDEs—Parapsychological Phenomena NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Return, Involuntary
Characteristics of NDEs—Return, Voluntary
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Sound, Hearing
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Sound, Music
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Sound NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Tunnel Experiences
Characteristics of NDEs NOS
Circumstances of NDEs NOS
Disclosure of NDEs
Interpretations of NDEs
Language and NDEs
Non-NDErs' Attitudes toward NDEs
Sutherland, C. (1989). Psychic phenomena following near-death experiences: An Australian study. Journal of Near Death-Studies, 8(2) 93-102.

Sutherland, C. (1989). Psychic phenomena following near-death experiences: An Australian study. Journal of Near Death-Studies, 8(2) 93-102.
Abstract: This study examines the incidence of reports of psychic phenomena and associated beliefs both before and after the near-death experience (NDE). The near-death experiencers interviewed reported no more psychic phenomena before the NDE than the general population. There was a statistically significant increase following the NDE in the incidence of 14 of 15 items examined.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Aftereffects of NDEs—Out-of-Body Experiences
Aftereffects of NDEs—Paranormal Phenomena
Aftereffects of NDEs NOS
Afterlife, Belief in
Animals and NDEs
Characteristics of NDErs—Age, Adults
Characteristics of NDErs—Age, Children and Adolescents
Characteristics of NDErs—Gender
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Deceased or Living
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Spiritual
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Otherworldly Environments
Characteristics of NDEs—Parapsychological Phenomena, ESP
Characteristics of NDEs—Return, Involuntary
Circumstances of NDEs—Accident
Circumstances of NDEs—Hospital
Circumstances of NDEs—Illness
Circumstances of NDEs—Induced Chemically
Circumstances of NDEs—Stress
Circumstances of NDEs NOS
Cross-Cultural NDEs
Dreams and NDEs
Methodology in NDE Research
Reincarnation and NDEs
Sutherland, C. (1990). Near-death experience by proxy: A case study. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 8(4) 241-251.

Sutherland, C. (1990). Near-death experience by proxy: A case study. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 8(4) 241-251.
Abstract: A recent interview with a 34-year-old man, currently serving a life sentence for murder, revealed a remarkable case of “near-death experience by proxy.” The phenomenological features of the experience unfolded typically, with some slight variation in content. The immediate drastic changes in attitude and belief following the experience are described.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Autobiographical
Accounts of NDEs—Biographical, Cases
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Aftereffects of NDEs NOS
Altered States and NDEs
Characteristics of NDErs—Trauma and Abuse
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Distressing
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Deceased or Living
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs NOS
Healing and NDEs—Psychological
Related Experiences—NDE-Like
Spirituality and NDEs
Sutherland, C. (1990). Changes in religious beliefs, attitudes, and practices following near-death experiences: An Australian study. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 9(1) 21-31.

Sutherland, C. (1990). Changes in religious beliefs, attitudes, and practices following near-death experiences: An Australian study. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 9(1) 21-31.
Abstract: This study examined changes in religious beliefs, attitudes, and practices in the lives of 50 near-death experiencers. I attempted to clarify whether these changes were to greater religiousness or to a deeper spirituality. I found that before the near-death experience (NDE), my respondents were no more religious or spiritually inclined than the general Australian population. Following the NDE there was a statistically significant shift towards spirituality on most items investigated.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Aftereffects of NDEs—Cognitive
Aftereffects of NDEs—Emotional
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Life
Aftereffects of NDEs—Religion
Aftereffects of NDEs—Sense of Self, Psychological and Physical
Aftereffects of NDEs NOS
Afterlife, Belief in
Characteristics of NDErs—Age, Adults
Characteristics of NDErs—Age, Children and Adolescents
Characteristics of NDErs—Religious Affiliations
Circumstances of NDEs—Accident
Circumstances of NDEs—Hospital
Circumstances of NDEs—Illness
Circumstances of NDEs—Induced Chemically
Circumstances of NDEs—Suicide
Circumstances of NDEs NOS
Reincarnation and NDEs
Spirituality and NDEs
Tart, C. T. (1967). A second psychophysiological study of out-of-body experiences in a gifted subject. International Journal of Parapsychology, 9() 251-258.

Tart, C. T. (1967). A second psychophysiological study of out-of-body experiences in a gifted subject. International Journal of Parapsychology, 9() 251-258.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Related Experiences NOS
Tart, C. T. (1998). Six studies of out-of-body experiences. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 17(2) 73-99.

Tart, C. T. (1998). Six studies of out-of-body experiences. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 17(2) 73-99.
Abstract: Because of confusion between science and scientism, many people react negatively to the idea of scientific investigation of near-death experiences (NDEs), but genuine science can contribute a great deal to understanding NDEs and helping experiencers integrate their experiences with everyday life. After noting how scientific investigation of certain parapsychological phenomena has established a wider world view that must take NDEs seriously, I review six studies of a basic component of the NDE, the out-of-body experience (OBE). Three of these studies found distinctive physiological correlates of OBEs in the two talented persons investigated, and one found strong evidence for veridical, paranormal perception of the OBE location. The studies using hypnosis to try to produce OBEs demonstrated the complexity of a simple model that a person’s mind is actually at an out-of-body location versus merely hallucinating being out, and require us to look at how even our perception of being in our bodies is actually a complex simulation, a biopsychological virtual reality.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Definition of NDEs
Related Experiences NOS
Tart, C. T. (1968). A psychophysiological study of out-of-the-body experiences in a selected subject. Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 62() 3-27.

Tart, C. T. (1968). A psychophysiological study of out-of-the-body experiences in a selected subject. Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 62() 3-27.
Abstract: A young woman who frequently had spontaneous out-of-the-body experiences was studied in a sleep laboratory for four nights. She reported several partial out-of-the-body experiences and two full ones. While the physiological data are limited by dependence on her retrospective report in correlating hysiological pattern with the experience, it seems as if her out-of-the-body experiences occurred in conjunction with a non-dreaming, non-awake brain wave stage characterized by predominant slowed alpha activity from her brain and no activation of the autonomic nervous system. Two incidents occurring in the laboratory provide suggestive evidence that the out-of-the-body experiences had parapsychological concomitants.
Copyright: © 1968. Reprinted with permission of the author and the Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research.
Link: http://www.aspr.com/jaspr.htm
Topics:
Related Experiences NOS
Tart, C. T. (1969). A further psychophysiological study of out-of-the-body experiences in a gifted student. Proceedings of the Parapsychological Association, 6() 43-44.

Tart, C. T. (1969). A further psychophysiological study of out-of-the-body experiences in a gifted student. Proceedings of the Parapsychological Association, 6() 43-44.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Related Experiences NOS
Thomas, L. (1976). A meliorist view of disease and dying. Journal of Medicine and Philosophy, 1(3) 212-221.

Thomas, L. (1976). A meliorist view of disease and dying. Journal of Medicine and Philosophy, 1(3) 212-221.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Biographical, Cases
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Famous People's NDEs
Thanatology and NDEs
Thornburg, N. R. (1988). Development of the near-death phenomena knowledge and attitudes questionnaire. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 6(4) 223-239.

Thornburg, N. R. (1988). Development of the near-death phenomena knowledge and attitudes questionnaire. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 6(4) 223-239.
Abstract: In the first study of nurses’ knowledge of and attitudes toward near-death phenomena and patients who have experienced them (NDErs), 20 registered nurses in Intensive or Cardiac Care Units completed a questionnaire containing 29 true/false/undecided statements about near-death phenomena (alpha reliability .83), 29 Likert items concerning attitudes toward such phenomena (alpha .84), and 25 Likert items concerning attitudes toward care of NDErs (alpha .81). The revised questionnaire has high levels of content and construct validity, and acceptable levels of internal consistency, and is therefore a valid and reliable tool.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Life Review
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Sound NOS
Characteristics of NDEs NOS
Health Care Professionals and NDEs—Medical
Methodology in NDE Research
Non-NDErs' Attitudes toward NDEs
Thouless, R. H. (1984). Do we survive bodily death? Proceedings of the Society for Psychical Research, 57(2) 1-52.

Thouless, R. H. (1984). Do we survive bodily death? Proceedings of the Society for Psychical Research, 57(2) 1-52.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Afterlife, Belief in
Altered States and NDEs
Explanations of NDEs—Parapsychological
Nearing Death and NDEs—Deathbed Visions
Nearing Death and NDEs NOS
Related Experiences NOS
Tiberi, E. (1996). Hedonic deactivation: A new human value for an advanced society. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 15(1) 55-69.

Tiberi, E. (1996). Hedonic deactivation: A new human value for an advanced society. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 15(1) 55-69.
Abstract: Comatose subjects experience pleasant unaroused affects such as tranquility, serenity, peacefulness, and relaxation, more frequently and more intensely than they experience aroused feelings or differentiated emotions. I suggest that consciousness is not disconnected by coma, but rather is potentiated following complete blockage of the brain’s information channels. The subject’s awareness of this detachment from the world triggers hedonic unaroused affects typical of the mystical state. Hedonic deactivation experienced during coma and similar situations remains an aspiration of the subject even following the healing process and even among the general population constitutes a human value towards the evolution of a more spiritual society.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Altered States and NDEs
Related Experiences NOS
Tien, S. S. (1988). Thanatoperience. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 7(1) 32-37.

Tien, S. S. (1988). Thanatoperience. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 7(1) 32-37.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Autobiographical
Aftereffects of NDEs—Paranormal Phenomena
Aftereffects of NDEs—Sense of Self, Psychological and Physical
Aftereffects of NDEs NOS
Altered States and NDEs
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Life Review
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Parapsychological Phenomena, Precognition
Characteristics of NDEs—Return NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Kinesthetic
Characteristics of NDEs—Tunnel Experiences
Circumstances of NDEs—Accident
Definition of NDEs
Explanations of NDEs—Psychological
Toobert, S. (1977). Do we 'live' after death? Review of 'Life after life: The investigation of a phenomenon--survival of bodily death'. Contemporary Psychology, 22(3) 213-214.

Toobert, S. (1977). Do we 'live' after death? Review of 'Life after life: The investigation of a phenomenon--survival of bodily death'. Contemporary Psychology, 22(3) 213-214.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Afterlife, Belief in
Definition of NDEs
Thanatology and NDEs
Turner, P. (1959). The grey lady: A study of a psychic phenomenon in the dying. Journal of the Society for Psychical Research, 40(7) 124-129.

Turner, P. (1959). The grey lady: A study of a psychic phenomenon in the dying. Journal of the Society for Psychical Research, 40(7) 124-129.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Nearing Death and NDEs—Deathbed Visions
Twemlow, S. W., & Gabbard, G. O. (1997). Discussion of 'The ketamine model of the near-death experience: A central role for the n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor,' by Karl L. R. Jansen. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 16(1) 63-69.

Twemlow, S. W., & Gabbard, G. O. (1997). Discussion of 'The ketamine model of the near-death experience: A central role for the n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor,' by Karl L. R. Jansen. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 16(1) 63-69.
Abstract: We review strengths and weaknesses of Karl Jansen’s approach to the near-death experience (NDE). Strengths include his limited goals and avoidance of the trap of explaining all features of the NDE with his theory, although he surprisingly misunderstood our previously published position. Additionally, we applaud the possible intersection of psychological and biological theories, demonstrated in Jansen’s biochemical explanations for the individualized variations in manifestation and adaptive role of the NDE. However, he failed to take into account the pitfalls in the use of analogy, modeling oversimplification, and in taking association as causality and causes as meaningful, in the arguments for his theory.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Explanations of NDEs—Psychological
Related Experiences—NDE-Like
Twemlow, S. W., Gabbard, G. O., & Coyne, L. (1982). A multivariate method for the classification of preexisting near-death conditions. Anabiosis - The Journal for Near-Death Studies, 2(2) 132-139.

Twemlow, S. W., Gabbard, G. O., & Coyne, L. (1982). A multivariate method for the classification of preexisting near-death conditions. Anabiosis - The Journal for Near-Death Studies, 2(2) 132-139.
Abstract: This study reports the results of a multivariate analysis of data from 33 subjects who had near-death experiences. The analysis examined the relationship between the phenomenology of the experience and preexisting conditions. Five clusters were derived: Low Stress, Emotional Stress, Intoxicant, Cardiac Arrest, and Anesthetic. The heuristic value of these clusters is discussed. The statistical technique used is also discussed in some detail since it is particularly suitable for category data of this type where small numbers of subjects and large numbers of variables are involved in the analysis.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Characteristics of NDErs—Education Level
Characteristics of NDErs—Gender
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Kinesthetic
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Sound NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Tunnel Experiences
Characteristics of NDEs NOS
Circumstances of NDEs—Illness
Circumstances of NDEs—Induced Chemically
Circumstances of NDEs—Stress
Explanations of NDEs NOS
Methodology in NDE Research
Psychopharmacology and NDEs—Anesthesia
White, R. A. (2001). Prologue to the Bindelof sitter group and its influence on the lives of the participants. Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 95(1-4) 1-9.

White, R. A. (2001). Prologue to the Bindelof sitter group and its influence on the lives of the participants. Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 95(1-4) 1-9.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link: http://www.aspr.com/jaspr.htm
Topics:
Interpretations of NDEs
Related Experiences—NDE-Like
Woerlee, G. M. (2004). Darkness, tunnels, and light. Skeptical Inquirer, 28(3) 28-32.

Woerlee, G. M. (2004). Darkness, tunnels, and light. Skeptical Inquirer, 28(3) 28-32.
Abstract: Stories of darkness, tunnels, and bright light told by those who report near-death experiences actually have a basis in the structure and functioning of the eyes, the brain, and other sense organs that operate during these experiences. Here, Woerlee, viewing all the bodily and mental phenomena from a basic physiological perspective, discusses the way the functioning of the body can generate darkness, tunnel, and light experiences.
Copyright: © 2004. Reprinted with permission of the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry.
Link: http://www.csicop.org/si/
Topics:
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Kinesthetic
Characteristics of NDEs—Tunnel Experiences
Circumstances of NDEs—Consciousness and Unconsciousness
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological NOS
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological, Anoxia
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological, Neurological, Brain
Sensory Deprivation and NDEs
Ullman, M. (1977). Discussion of Dr. Stevenson's Paper: 'The evidence of man's survival after death'. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 165(3) 174-175.

Ullman, M. (1977). Discussion of Dr. Stevenson's Paper: 'The evidence of man's survival after death'. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 165(3) 174-175.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link: http://www.jonmd.com/
Topics:
Afterlife, Belief in
Related Experiences—NDE-Like
Related Experiences NOS
Vaisrub, S. (1977). Afterthoughts on afterlife. Archives of Internal Medicine, 137(2) 150.

Vaisrub, S. (1977). Afterthoughts on afterlife. Archives of Internal Medicine, 137(2) 150.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link: http://archinte.ama-assn.org/
Topics:
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological, Neurological, Brain
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological NOS
van Lommel, P., van Wees, R., Meyers, V., & Elfferich, I. (2001). Near-death experience in survivors of cardiac arrest: A prospective study in the Netherlands. Lancet, 358(9) 2039-2045.

van Lommel, P., van Wees, R., Meyers, V., & Elfferich, I. (2001). Near-death experience in survivors of cardiac arrest: A prospective study in the Netherlands. Lancet, 358(9) 2039-2045.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01638343
Topics:
Aftereffects of NDEs—Emotional
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Life
Aftereffects of NDEs—Religion
Aftereffects of NDEs—Sense of Self, Psychological and Physical
Afterlife, Belief in
Altered States and NDEs
Characteristics of NDErs—Age, Adults
Characteristics of NDErs—Education Level
Characteristics of NDErs—Gender
Characteristics of NDErs—Psychological Profile
Characteristics of NDErs—Religious Affiliations
Characteristics of NDErs NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Deceased or Living
Characteristics of NDEs—Life Review
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Otherworldly Environments
Characteristics of NDEs—Return NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Vision
Characteristics of NDEs NOS
Circumstances of NDEs—Consciousness and Unconsciousness
Circumstances of NDEs—Hospital
Circumstances of NDEs—Illness
Circumstances of NDEs—Time Elapse
Cultural, Social Influences on NDEs
Definition of NDEs
Disclosure of NDEs
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological, Anoxia
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological, Neurological, Brain
Explanations of NDEs—Psychological
Mental Processes and NDEs
Methodology in NDE Research
Psychopharmacology and NDEs NOS
Related Experiences NOS
Spirituality and NDEs
Veridical Perception during NDEs
White, R. A. (2001). Epilogue on the Bindelof sitter group and its influence on the participants. Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 95() 110-111.

White, R. A. (2001). Epilogue on the Bindelof sitter group and its influence on the participants. Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 95() 110-111.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link: http://www.aspr.com/jaspr.htm
Topics:
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Life
Aftereffects of NDEs—Sense of Self, Psychological and Physical
Vicchio, S. (1981). Near-death experiences: Some logical problems and questions for further study Anabiosis - The Journal for Near-Death Studies, 1(1) 66-87.

Vicchio, S. (1981). Near-death experiences: Some logical problems and questions for further study Anabiosis - The Journal for Near-Death Studies, 1(1) 66-87.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Altered States and NDEs
Circumstances of NDEs—Suicide
Disclosure of NDEs
Explanations of NDEs—Philosophical
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological, Neurological, Brain
Explanations of NDEs—Psychological
Interpretations of NDEs
Nearing Death and NDEs NOS
Psychopathology and NDEs—Hallucinations
Religion and NDEs—Christianity
Religion and NDEs—Judaism
Religion and NDEs NOS
Science and NDEs
Vicchio, S. J. (1979). Against raising hope of raising the dead: Contra Moody and Kubler-Ross. Essence, 3(2) 51-67.

Vicchio, S. J. (1979). Against raising hope of raising the dead: Contra Moody and Kubler-Ross. Essence, 3(2) 51-67.
Abstract: Kubler-Ross and Moody have made assertions about survival after death. These assertions take the form of four distinct claims: first, the subjects in their respective research have died. Second, these subjects experience a separation from their bodies. Third, their disembodied spirits are greeted in the afterworld by religious figures or previously deceased family members or friends. Four, the subjects are resuscitated, whereupon they float back into their bodies. Using the work of Morrison and Whitehead it is argued that the subjects were not dead; but in the process of dying. With the help of Noyes and Freud, and alternative explanation to this 'glimpse of the afterlife' approach is offered. In the final section of the paper, some other theological objections are raised to the Moody/Kubler-Ross approach.
Copyright: © 1979 Essence. Reprinted by permission.
Link:
Topics:
Afterlife, Belief in
Explanations of NDEs—Psychological
Religion and NDEs—Christianity
Thanatology and NDEs
Vinter, M. (1994). An insight into the afterlife: Informing patients about near death experiences. Professional Nurse, 10(3) 171-173.

Vinter, M. (1994). An insight into the afterlife: Informing patients about near death experiences. Professional Nurse, 10(3) 171-173.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Aftereffects of NDEs—Cognitive
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Afterlife, Belief in
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Deceased or Living
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Increased Knowledge, Thoughts
Characteristics of NDEs—Life Review
Characteristics of NDEs—Otherworldly Environments
Characteristics of NDEs—Parapsychological Phenomena NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Return, Involuntary
Characteristics of NDEs—Return NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Kinesthetic
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Sound, Hearing
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Sound NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Tunnel Experiences
Counseling NDErs
Disclosure of NDEs
Health Care Professionals and NDEs—Medical
Language and NDEs
Knox, C. (2004). Near-death experiences, God and love. Christian Parapsychologist, 16(1) 19-24.

Knox, C. (2004). Near-death experiences, God and love. Christian Parapsychologist, 16(1) 19-24.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link: http://www.churchesfellowship.org.uk/
Topics:
Aftereffects of NDEs—Emotional
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Life
Healing and NDEs—Physical
Healing and NDEs—Psychological
Religion and NDEs—Christianity
Spirituality and NDEs
Noyes, R. (1971). The art of dying. Perspectives in Biology & Medicine, 14() 432-447.

Noyes, R. (1971). The art of dying. Perspectives in Biology & Medicine, 14() 432-447.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link: http://www.press.jhu.edu/journals/perspectives_in_biology_and_medicine/
Topics:
Thanatology and NDEs
Sartori, P. (2004). A prospective study of NDEs in an intensive therapy unit. Christian Parapsychologist, 16(2) 34-40.

Sartori, P. (2004). A prospective study of NDEs in an intensive therapy unit. Christian Parapsychologist, 16(2) 34-40.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link: http://www.churchesfellowship.org.uk/
Topics:
Aftereffects of NDEs—Cognitive
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Aftereffects of NDEs—Physical Changes
Afterlife, Belief in
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Life Review
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Return NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Return, Involuntary
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Kinesthetic
Circumstances of NDEs—Accident
Circumstances of NDEs—Consciousness and Unconsciousness
Circumstances of NDEs—Hospital
Circumstances of NDEs—Illness
Characteristics of NDEs NOS
Disclosure of NDEs
Mental Processes and NDEs
Methodology in NDE Research
Psychopathology and NDEs—Hallucinations
Kainz, H. P. (2001). Book review: 'The last laugh: A new philosophy of near-death experiences, apparitions, and the paranormal'. Journal of Parapsychology, 65(2) 189-190.

Kainz, H. P. (2001). Book review: 'The last laugh: A new philosophy of near-death experiences, apparitions, and the paranormal'. Journal of Parapsychology, 65(2) 189-190.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link: http://www.rhine.org/journal.htm
Topics:
Explanations of NDEs—Parapsychological
Interpretations of NDEs
Non-NDErs' Attitudes toward NDEs
Kletti, R., & Noyes, R. (1981). Mental states in mortal danger. Essence, 5(1) 5-20.

Kletti, R., & Noyes, R. (1981). Mental states in mortal danger. Essence, 5(1) 5-20.
Abstract: According to Oskar Pfister, a psychoanalytic pioneer and friend of Sigmund Freud, persons faced with extreme danger exclude reality from their perceptions and lapse into pleasurable fantasies that constitute a form of psychic protection against the threat of death. In this first English translation of his important 1930 article, Pfister notes that when depersonalization develops in response to danger, it not only prevents the conscious experience of fear but is accompanied by the idea that the threat does not concern the person experiencing it. While not a complete or final explanation of reactions to life-threatening circumstances, depersonalization should not be completely disregarded in favor of more speculative and less parsimonious interpretations.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Psychopathology and NDEs—Depersonalization
Related Experiences—NDE-Like
Walker, B. A. (1989). Health care professionals and the near-death experience. Death Studies, 13() 63-71.

Walker, B. A. (1989). Health care professionals and the near-death experience. Death Studies, 13() 63-71.
Abstract: It is estimated that 8 million people have undergone a near-death experience (NDE) within the United States today (1). Clinical documentation of this phenomenon has been reported by physicians and nurses, mostly in the area of critical care. Some psychologists have also noted patient reporting of NDEs while under care. Taking into account the improved medical interventions used in bringing people back .from states of clinical death, the potential for professional exposure among health care professional£ is high. If denied a chance to share their experience with others who might assist in' 'normalizing', their near-death event, individuals who have undergone an NDE may become severely depressed. It is evident that this is an area of clinical concern that should want educational involvement within the fields of health education, psychology, and related human service professions so as to meet better the-emotional needs of near-death clients. Some suggestions for meeting these needs are also included.
Copyright: © 1989. Reprinted with permission of Taylor & Francis, Ltd.
Link: http://www.informaworld.com
Topics:
Counseling NDErs
Disclosure of NDEs
Education about NDEs
Healing and NDEs—Psychological
Health Care Professionals and NDEs—Medical
Health Care Professionals and NDEs—Psychological
Non-NDErs' Attitudes toward NDEs
Walker, B. A., & Russell, R. D. (1989). Assessing psychologists' knowledge and attitudes toward near-death phenomena. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 8(2) 103-110.

Walker, B. A., & Russell, R. D. (1989). Assessing psychologists' knowledge and attitudes toward near-death phenomena. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 8(2) 103-110.
Abstract: Nina Thornburg’s (1988) Near-Death Phenomena Knowledge and Attitudes Questionnaire was distributed to 326 randomly selected Illinois psychologists. Of 117 usable questionnaires received, the mean score for knowledge questions was 7.5 of a maximum score of 18. Respondents were most knowledgeable about near-death elements of peace, out-of-body transcendence, and tunnel/light phenomena. The mean score for the attitude portion of the instrument was 61.3 of a maximum score of 85 points for the most positive attitude. Seven percent of the respondents indicated having had a near-death experience, 19% indicated having counseling near-death experiencers, and 28% indicated having had personal contacts with an experiencer.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Characteristics of NDErs—Age, Adults
Characteristics of NDErs—Education Level
Characteristics of NDErs—Gender
Characteristics of NDErs—Occupation
Characteristics of NDErs—Religious Affiliations
Health Care Professionals and NDEs—Medical
Methodology in NDE Research
Non-NDErs' Attitudes toward NDEs
Walker, B. A., & Serdahely, W. J. (1990). Historical perspectives on near-death phenomena. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 9(2) 105-121.

Walker, B. A., & Serdahely, W. J. (1990). Historical perspectives on near-death phenomena. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 9(2) 105-121.
Abstract: The authors present an introductory overview of the history of near-death phenomena, followed by a synopsis of near-death research representative of three historical eras: 1880s-1930; 1930s-1960; and 1960 to the present.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Historical Perspectives on NDEs
Walker, B. A., Serdahely, W. J., & Bechtel, L. (1991). Three near-death experiences with premonitions of what could have been. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 9(3) 189-196.

Walker, B. A., Serdahely, W. J., & Bechtel, L. (1991). Three near-death experiences with premonitions of what could have been. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 9(3) 189-196.
Abstract: We analyze three near-death experiences involving a unique type of prophetic vision that has not previously been reported in the literature. These visions involve a brief glimpse of what circumstances would have been like for the near-death experiencers’ family in the aftermath of the experiencers’ deaths, had they actually died.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Autobiographical
Accounts of NDEs—Biographical, Cases
Characteristics of NDErs—Age, Children and Adolescents
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Deceased or Living
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Spiritual
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Parapsychological Phenomena, ESP
Characteristics of NDEs—Parapsychological Phenomena, Precognition
Characteristics of NDEs—Return, Involuntary
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Vision
Characteristics of NDEs—Tunnel Experiences
Circumstances of NDEs—Accident
Circumstances of NDEs—Illness
Disclosure of NDEs
Interpretations of NDEs
Non-NDErs' Attitudes toward NDEs
Walker, E. H. (1987). Comments on 'Electromagnetic radiation and the afterlife'. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 6(2) 105-108.

Walker, E. H. (1987). Comments on 'Electromagnetic radiation and the afterlife'. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 6(2) 105-108.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Science and NDEs
Walker, F. O. (1989). A nowhere near-death experience: Heavenly choirs interrupt myelography. Journal of the American Medical Association, 261(2) 3245-3246.

Walker, F. O. (1989). A nowhere near-death experience: Heavenly choirs interrupt myelography. Journal of the American Medical Association, 261(2) 3245-3246.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Biographical, Cases
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological NOS
Media Treatment of NDEs
Weibust, P. S. (1991). Being one with God is something that can be done without rules: Commentary on Allan Kellehear's 'Near-death experiences and the pursuit of the ideal society'. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 10(2) 107-111.

Weibust, P. S. (1991). Being one with God is something that can be done without rules: Commentary on Allan Kellehear's 'Near-death experiences and the pursuit of the ideal society'. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 10(2) 107-111.
Abstract: Allan Kellehear’s article is a pioneering venture exploring features of the transcendent society and comparing it with J.C. Davis’s typology of ideal societies. Kellehear assumed that in the life after life there is a sociocultural ordering that can be discussed via structural functional theory and concepts; and he also assumed internal and external validity, despite evidence to the contrary in his article. I think both of these assumptions are incorrect. What we need are alternative sociocultural frameworks and alternative research strategies, possibly from the “new science.”
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Cultural, Social Influences on NDEs
Explanations of NDEs—Philosophical
Explanations of NDEs—Sociological
Methodology in NDE Research
Science and NDEs
Spirituality and NDEs
Hunt, H. T. (2004). Book reviews--Comptes rendus de lecture [Alterations of Consciousness: An Empirical Analysis for Social Scientists]. Canadian Psychology, 45(1) 123-124.

Hunt, H. T. (2004). Book reviews--Comptes rendus de lecture [Alterations of Consciousness: An Empirical Analysis for Social Scientists]. Canadian Psychology, 45(1) 123-124.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link: http://www.cpa.ca/publications/journals/canadianpsychology/
Topics:
Altered States and NDEs
Education about NDEs
Methodology in NDE Research
Related Experiences—UFO
Related Experiences NOS
Wenestam, C. G. (1984). Qualitative age-related differences in the meaning of the word 'death' to children. Death Education, 8() 333-347.

Wenestam, C. G. (1984). Qualitative age-related differences in the meaning of the word 'death' to children. Death Education, 8() 333-347.
Abstract: In an attempt to expand out knowledge of what death means to children, 112 children, ranging in age from 4 to 18 years, drew a picture of what the word 'death' means to them and attached a comment to explain their drawing. Three themes were evident in the drawings, resulting in these categories: (a) violence or aggression, (b) religious and cultural symbols, and (c) the experience of dying. The themes were significantly related to age, with the drawings of the youngest children more likely to portray violence and the drawings of the oldest children more likely to portray themes of the experience of dying. This relationship to age may be due to age-specific sociocultural contexts that provide children at each age with a certain type of information about death and dying. Several children described the dying-process with images similar to those used by people who describe a 'near death' experience. These descriptions seem to reflect universal, archetypical ideas about the experience of dying.
Copyright: © 1984. Reprinted with permission of Taylor & Francis, Ltd.
Link: http://www.informaworld.com
Topics:
Afterlife, Belief in
Thanatology and NDEs
Wettach, G. E. (2000). The near death experience as a product of isolated subcortical brain function. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 19(2) 71-90.

Wettach, G. E. (2000). The near death experience as a product of isolated subcortical brain function. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 19(2) 71-90.
Abstract: This paper attempts to show that the sequence of a typical near death experience (NDE) is predictable and reproducible, enough to suggest that the NDE is a symptom of a specific altered mental state seen in a large number of medical and surgical conditions. I attempt to explain on an anatomical, physiologic, and psychological basis how NDEs might be caused, and suggest that NDEs might even be the basis of religion. I also describe an NDE of a 38-year-old insulin-dependent diabetic who developed hypoglycemia secondary to a lack of caloric intake to support her daily insulin usage. She did not appear to be life-threatened from a cardiovascular standpoint. During the hypoglycemic spell, the patient appeared to be in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Following resuscitation with an intravenous injection of dextrose, the patient returned to a normal mental status, but recounted a typical NDE.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Autobiographical
Accounts of NDEs—Biographical, Cases
Altered States and NDEs
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Deceased or Living
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Spiritual
Characteristics of NDEs—Life Review
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Parapsychological Phenomena, ESP
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Sound, Hearing
Characteristics of NDEs—Tunnel Experiences
Characteristics of NDEs NOS
Circumstances of NDEs—Consciousness and Unconsciousness
Circumstances of NDEs—Illness
Circumstances of NDEs—Stress
Disabilities and NDEs
Disclosure of NDEs
Dreams and NDEs
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological, Neurological, Brain
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological NOS
Explanations of NDEs—Psychological
Explanations of NDEs—Sociological
Interpretations of NDEs
Kundalini and NDEs
Mental Processes and NDEs
Psychopharmacology and NDEs—Anesthesia
Religion and NDEs—Christianity
Religion and NDEs—Hinduism
Religion and NDEs NOS
Sensory Deprivation and NDEs
Whinnery, J. E. (1997). Psychophysiologic correlates of unconsciousness and near-death experiences. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 15(4) 231-258.

Whinnery, J. E. (1997). Psychophysiologic correlates of unconsciousness and near-death experiences. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 15(4) 231-258.
Abstract: Although loss and recovery of consciousness are integral parts of the near-death experience (NDE), the role of altered states of consciousness in the NDE has not been thoroughly investigated. Sixteen years of observations, including nearly 1000 acceleration (+Gz)-induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC) episodes, have revealed a pattern of psychophysiologic symptoms that collectively constitute the G-LOC syndrome and relate to the kinetics of +Gz-induced ischemia. Comparison of the psychophysiologic symptoms of G-LOC episodes and NDEs may help identify those symptoms unique to near-death and the process of dying. I propose a classification scheme for the study of NDEs and for relating near-death research to other psychophysiologic research. This scheme is based on the neurologic states of the nervous system and the transitions between them that result from alteration of blood flow to the nervous system. Consciousness and unconsciousness are considered as the neurobiologic bases of a balance between survival in the external environment and protection from ischemic threat within the internal environment. The study of G-LOC episodes in healthy individuals is therefore of value for understanding the mechanisms of both loss of consciousness and the NDE.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Altered States and NDEs
Circumstances of NDEs—Consciousness and Unconsciousness
Disclosure of NDEs
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological, Neurological, Brain
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological NOS
Explanations of NDEs—Psychological
Mental Processes and NDEs
Related Experiences—NDE-Like
Related Experiences NOS
White, J. (1987). Consciousness and substance: The primal forms of God. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 6(2) 73-78.

White, J. (1987). Consciousness and substance: The primal forms of God. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 6(2) 73-78.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Religion and NDEs NOS
Spirituality and NDEs
White, P. R. (1997). The anatomy of a transformation: An analysis of the psychological structure of four near-death experiences. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 15(3) 163-185.

White, P. R. (1997). The anatomy of a transformation: An analysis of the psychological structure of four near-death experiences. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 15(3) 163-185.
Abstract: In this paper, I discuss the general psychological structure of four near-death experiences and the evolutionary nature of the mental processes that occur. I suggest that the transformational aspect of each near-death experience comes at the culmination of the mental processes through archetypal imagery drawn from the context of the experiencer’s life.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Autobiographical
Accounts of NDEs—Biographical, Cases
Aftereffects of NDEs—Emotional
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Life
Aftereffects of NDEs—Sense of Self, Psychological and Physical
Aftereffects of NDEs NOS
Afterlife, Belief in
Altered States and NDEs
Characteristics of NDErs—Age NOS
Characteristics of NDErs—Gender
Characteristics of NDErs—Marital Status
Characteristics of NDErs—Occupation
Characteristics of NDErs—Psychological Profile
Characteristics of NDErs—Religious Affiliations
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Distressing
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Deceased or Living
Characteristics of NDEs—Life Review
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Perception of Time
Characteristics of NDEs—Return, Voluntary
Characteristics of NDEs—Return NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Kinesthetic
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Sound, Hearing
Characteristics of NDEs—Tunnel Experiences
Circumstances of NDEs—Accident
Circumstances of NDEs—Hospital
Circumstances of NDEs—Illness
Disclosure of NDEs
Explanations of NDEs—Psychological
Healing and NDEs—Psychological
Interpretations of NDEs
Spirituality and NDEs
White, R. A. (1998). The amplification and integration of near-death and other exceptional human experiences by the larger cultural context: An autobiographical case. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 16(3) 181-204.

White, R. A. (1998). The amplification and integration of near-death and other exceptional human experiences by the larger cultural context: An autobiographical case. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 16(3) 181-204.
Abstract: Although I became a parapsychologist in part to help me understand the near-death experience (NDE) I had in 1952 as an undergraduate, it was not until 1990 that I began to integrate my NDE into my life. Doing so alerted me to the role the larger cultural context plays in regard to NDEs and other exceptional human experiences (EHEs). I propose not only that we need to draw on cultural resources to amplify the meaning of our exceptional human experiences, but that EHEs themselves carry the seeds of cultural change.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Autobiographical
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Life
Aftereffects of NDEs—Paranormal Phenomena
Aftereffects of NDEs—Sense of Self, Psychological and Physical
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Kinesthetic
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Sound, Hearing
Circumstances of NDEs—Accident
Cultural, Social Influences on NDEs
Disclosure of NDEs
Explanations of NDEs—Parapsychological
Explanations of NDEs—Sociological
Language and NDEs
Religion and NDEs—Mysticism
Religion and NDEs NOS
Whiteman, J. H. M. (1965). Evidence of survival from 'other-world' experiences. Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 59() 160-166.

Whiteman, J. H. M. (1965). Evidence of survival from 'other-world' experiences. Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 59() 160-166.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Afterlife, Belief in
Explanations of NDEs—Parapsychological
Widdison, H. A., & Lundahl, C. R. (1993). The physical environment in the City of Light. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 11(4) 239-246.

Widdison, H. A., & Lundahl, C. R. (1993). The physical environment in the City of Light. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 11(4) 239-246.
Abstract: The article describes the physical environment found in the other world or the City of Light, based on published accounts of near-death experiences (NDEs). The City of Light appears to be a world of preternatural beauty that cannot be described adequately. NDE accounts provide descriptions of the landscape, animal life, plant life, and architecture found in the other world.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Afterlife, Belief in
Afterlife, NDErs’ Descriptions of
Animals and NDEs
Characteristics of NDEs—Otherworldly Environments
Explanations of NDEs—Sociological
Religion and NDEs—Christianity, Mormonism
Badham, P. (2005). In defence of the soul. Christian Parapsychologist, 16(6) 170-178.

Badham, P. (2005). In defence of the soul. Christian Parapsychologist, 16(6) 170-178.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link: http://www.churchesfellowship.org.uk/
Topics:
Afterlife, Belief in
Altered States and NDEs
Religion and NDEs—Buddhism
Religion and NDEs—Christianity
Religion and NDEs—Hinduism
Religion and NDEs NOS
Spirituality and NDEs
Thanatology and NDEs
Bretherton, D. (2004). NDEs and the Christian hope. Christian Parapsychologist, 16(2) 41-47.

Bretherton, D. (2004). NDEs and the Christian hope. Christian Parapsychologist, 16(2) 41-47.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link: http://www.churchesfellowship.org.uk/
Topics:
Afterlife, Belief in
Explanations of NDEs—Parapsychological
Religion and NDEs—Christianity
Spirituality and NDEs
Ebbern, H., Mulligan, S., & Beyerstein, B. L. (1996). Maria's near-death experience: Waiting for the other shoe to drop. Skeptical Inquirer, 20(4) 27-33.

Ebbern, H., Mulligan, S., & Beyerstein, B. L. (1996). Maria's near-death experience: Waiting for the other shoe to drop. Skeptical Inquirer, 20(4) 27-33.
Abstract: A migrant worker named Maria suffered a severe heart attack and was brought to Harborview Medical Center in Seattle, WA. She claimed that she experienced an out-of-body experience (OBE) and went on to describe objects and occurrences she could not have known because she was unconscious. However, an analysis of Maria's case revealed that most of what she described were common objects and occurrences happening in hospital emergency rooms. In addition, Maria may have simply recalled some of these occurrences and objects since she had been confined in the hospital three days before her alleged OBE.
Copyright: © 2004. Reprinted with permission of the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry.
Link: http://www.csicop.org/si/
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Biographical, Cases
Explanations of NDEs—Parapsychological
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological, Anoxia
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological, Neurological, Brain
Explanations of NDEs—Psychological
Interpretations of NDEs
Media Treatment of NDEs
Methodology in NDE Research
Religion and NDEs NOS
Science and NDEs
Sensory Deprivation and NDEs
Spirituality and NDEs
Veridical Perception during NDEs
Wiltse, A. S. (1889). A case of typhoid fever with subnormal temperature and pulse. Saint Louis Medical and Surgical Journal, 57() 355-364.

Wiltse, A. S. (1889). A case of typhoid fever with subnormal temperature and pulse. Saint Louis Medical and Surgical Journal, 57() 355-364.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Autobiographical
Afterlife, Belief in
Afterlife, NDErs’ Descriptions of
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Distressing
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Deceased or Living
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Spiritual
Characteristics of NDEs—Increased Knowledge, Thoughts
Characteristics of NDEs—Otherworldly Environments
Characteristics of NDEs—Parapsychological Phenomena, ESP
Characteristics of NDEs—Parapsychological Phenomena NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Return, Involuntary
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Kinesthetic
Characteristics of NDEs NOS
Circumstances of NDEs—Consciousness and Unconsciousness
Circumstances of NDEs—Illness
Mental Processes and NDEs
Woodhouse, M. B. (1981). Near-death experiences and the mind-body problem. Anabiosis - The Journal for Near-Death Studies, 1(1) 57-65.

Woodhouse, M. B. (1981). Near-death experiences and the mind-body problem. Anabiosis - The Journal for Near-Death Studies, 1(1) 57-65.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Explanations of NDEs—Philosophical
Interpretations of NDEs
Psychopathology and NDEs—Hallucinations
Science and NDEs
Woodhouse, M. B. (1983). Five arguments regarding the objectivity of NDEs. Anabiosis - The Journal for Near-Death Studies, 3(1) 63-75.

Woodhouse, M. B. (1983). Five arguments regarding the objectivity of NDEs. Anabiosis - The Journal for Near-Death Studies, 3(1) 63-75.
Abstract: This paper identifies and examines five arguments most relevant for assessing the objective status of near-death experiences (NDEs). They are provisionally labeled: (1) the argument from universality (what does the widespread similarity of NDEs actually show?); (2) the argument from privacy (how strong are appeals based upon privileged access to our own unusual experiences?); (3) the argument from nonexplainability (how adequate are medical models, e.g. oxygen depletion, urged in support of various hallucinatory hypotheses?); (4) the argument from empirical verification (what could show that an individual observed his own near-death and recovery in an emergency room?); (5) the argument from flat electroencephalograms (EEGs) (if flat EEGs could be correlated temporally with NDEs, would hallucinatory hypotheses be ruled out?). It is shown that these arguments vary considerably in their inductive force, ranging from very low (#1) to very high (#5). The method of analysis is conceptual rather than empirical. That is, if a sufficient number of cases of a certain type are collected, which explanatory hypotheses tend to be ruled out and which tend to be supported? The thrust of the analyses is in support of an objectivist interpretation of the near-death experience.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Altered States and NDEs
Characteristics of NDErs—Age NOS
Characteristics of NDErs—Gender
Characteristics of NDErs—Religious Affiliations
Characteristics of NDErs NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Definition of NDEs
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological, Neurological, Brain
Explanations of NDEs NOS
Interpretations of NDEs
Psychopathology and NDEs—Hallucinations
Science and NDEs
Veridical Perception during NDEs
Wren-Lewis, J. (1987). The darkness of God: An account of lasting mystical consciousness resulting from an NDE. Anabiosis - The Journal of Near-Death Studies, 5(2) 53-66.

Wren-Lewis, J. (1987). The darkness of God: An account of lasting mystical consciousness resulting from an NDE. Anabiosis - The Journal of Near-Death Studies, 5(2) 53-66.
Abstract: This article describes the author's near-death experience (NDE) in 1983 as a result of poisoning. While the experience included few of the features that some researchers have held to be paradigmatic for deep NDEs its consequences were exceptionally profound, inasmuch as a continuing altered state of consciousness has resulted, requiring mystical language to do it justice. Almost every feature of the experience has been antithetical to the author's prior background, both in childhood and in adult life, thereby providing evidence against reductionist explanations of NDE. An account is given of how the new consciousness is affected by various life circumstances, and of its practical impact on the quality of living.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Aftereffects of NDEs—Cognitive
Aftereffects of NDEs—Emotional
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Life
Aftereffects of NDEs—Sense of Self, Psychological and Physical
Altered States and NDEs
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Life Review
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Return NOS
Characteristics of NDEs NOS
Circumstances of NDEs—Accident
Circumstances of NDEs—Consciousness and Unconsciousness
Circumstances of NDEs—Induced Chemically
Wren-Lewis, J. (1988). The darkness of God: A personal report on consciousness transformation through an encounter with death. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 28(2) 105-122.

Wren-Lewis, J. (1988). The darkness of God: A personal report on consciousness transformation through an encounter with death. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 28(2) 105-122.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link: http://jhp.sagepub.com/
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Autobiographical
Aftereffects of NDEs—Emotional
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Life
Aftereffects of NDEs—Physical Changes
Aftereffects of NDEs—Religion
Aftereffects of NDEs—Sense of Self, Psychological and Physical
Altered States and NDEs
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs NOS
Circumstances of NDEs—Induced Chemically
Religion and NDEs—Christianity
Religion and NDEs—Mysticism
Wren-Lewis, J. (1994). Aftereffects of near-death experiences: A survival mechanism hypothesis. Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 26(2) 107-115.

Wren-Lewis, J. (1994). Aftereffects of near-death experiences: A survival mechanism hypothesis. Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 26(2) 107-115.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright:
Link:
Topics:
Aftereffects of NDEs—Cognitive
Aftereffects of NDEs—Emotional
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Life
Aftereffects of NDEs—Physical Changes
Aftereffects of NDEs—Sense of Self, Psychological and Physical
Altered States and NDEs
Explanations of NDEs—Parapsychological
Language and NDEs
Media Treatment of NDEs
Yensen, R. (1988). Helping at the edges of life: Perspectives of a psychedelic therapist. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 6(3) 149-161.

Yensen, R. (1988). Helping at the edges of life: Perspectives of a psychedelic therapist. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 6(3) 149-161.
Abstract: A case history is presented of a 70 year old man treated with psychedelic psychotherapy for depression, anxiety, and pain associated with terminal cancer. Interpersonal and intrapersonal aspects of treatment following a single 90 mg dose of dipropyltryptamine (DPT) are described. Comparisons are made between transpersonal, mystical, and religious elements in psychedelic drug experiences and near-death experiences.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Autobiographical
Accounts of NDEs—Biographical, Cases
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Life
Aftereffects of NDEs—Sense of Self, Psychological and Physical
Altered States and NDEs
Circumstances of NDEs—Induced Chemically
Counseling NDErs
Healing and NDEs—Psychological
Nearing Death and NDEs NOS
Young, A. M. (1988). Science, spirit, and the soul. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 6(4) 206-222.

Young, A. M. (1988). Science, spirit, and the soul. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 6(4) 206-222.
Abstract: No abstract.
Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies
Link: http://www.iands.org
Topics:
Evolution and NDEs
Science and NDEs

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Near-Death Experiences: Index to the Periodical Literature through 2011

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Near-Death Experiences:
Index to the Periodical Literature through 2011