Noyes, R., & Kletti, R. (1976). Depersonalization in the face of life-threatening danger: A description. Psychiatry, 39() 19-27.
Abstract: Persons suddenly threatened with death have often reported a variety of mental phenomena as part of a progressive deviation from normal consciousness. These have been described by people rescued at the last moment from drownings, falls, and similar accidents. Some anecdotal reports of subjective experiences during mortal danger exist in autobiographical as well as clinical sources (Noyes, 1972). However, the first study of them was undertaken in 1892 by Albert Heim, who accumulated the accounts of over 30 survivors of falls in the Alps. He claimed that in nearly every instance a similar mental state developed, which he characterized dramatically as follows:
There was no anxiety, no trace of despair, no pain; but rather calm seriousness, profound acceptance, and a dominant mental quickness and sense of surety. Mental activity became enormous, rising to a hundred-fold velocity or intensity. The relationships of events and their probable outcomes were overviewed with objective clarity. No confusion entered at all. Time became greatly expanded…. In many cases there followed a sudden review of the individual's entire past; and finally the person falling often heard beautiful music and fell in a superbly blue heaven containing roseate cloudlets. [Heim (Noyes and Kletti, 1972, pp. 46-47)]
What follows is a descriptive analysis of 114 accounts of near-death experiences obtained from 104 persons.
Copyright: © 1976. Reprinted with permission of Guilford Press.
Link: http://www.guilford.com
Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Autobiographical
Altered States and NDEs
Characteristics of NDErs—Age, Adults
Characteristics of NDErs—Gender
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Distressing
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Increased Knowledge, Thoughts
Characteristics of NDEs—Life Review
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Perception of Time
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Kinesthetic
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Smell
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Sound, Hearing
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Sound, Music
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Vision
Characteristics of NDEs NOS
Circumstances of NDEs—Accident
Circumstances of NDEs—Combat-Related
Circumstances of NDEs—Illness
Circumstances of NDEs—Induced Chemically
Disclosure of NDEs
Explanations of NDEs—Psychological
Methodology in NDE Research
Psychopathology and NDEs—Depersonalization